单位波长吸光度改变量-分光光度法优化后用于减小浊度对废水中Cr(Ⅵ)检测结果的影响

对基于单位波长吸光度变化幅度与被测物浓度间关系的单位波长吸光度改变量-分光光度法进行了优化,使其在减小样品浊度对检测结果影响方面的效果得到进一步提高,以获得更高准确度的检测结果。以570~590 nm拟合波长段为例,筛选不同的参比波长段,筛选依据主要为模拟浊度梯度样品的检测结果、回收率及其RSD。结果表明,当参比波长段分别为540~555 nm、540~560 nm、540~565 nm和540~570 nm时,可获得非常好的方法检出限(1.0~1.6μg/L),加标样品结果具有良好的准确度(回收率为79.8%~111%)、精密度(RSD为0.15%~32%)。     

简析绿色产业在威海的振兴及其发展的启示

通过剖析绿色产业的概念及科学内涵，系统地阐述了国内外绿色产业体系构建的特点及进展，详细描述了威海市以绿色能源、节能减排、农村环保、循环经济和生态农业为主导的绿色产业体系，总结了威海市利用区位优势及地理条件，将发展绿色产业与环保模范城市、生态市创建等活动相结合，把绿色产业体系建设纳入国民经济与社会发展规划，采取加大关键技术研究推广力度，加速绿色产业工业园创建等一系列举措推进绿色产业发展，为利用绿色产业发展机遇振兴地区经济提供有益借鉴。     

Application of hinokitiol potassium salt for wood preservative

The decay of wood and other cellulosic materials by fungi cause significant economic loss. The widely used chromated copper arsenate was prohibited for the environmental impact and safety of arsenic and chromium. It was found that natural product hinokitiol (HK) had fungicidal and insecticidal activities, and its toxicity was bearable for the environment. We described the practical synthesis of HK-K salt. According to the GB/T18261-2000 and LY/T1283-1998, wood preservative performance of HK-K salt was tested. The results showed that the best inhibitory concentration of HK-K salt was 50 mg/L, for which the prevention effectiveness on mold is better, the killed value is between 0 and 1, and the corrosion-resistant for wood-rotting fungi is grade A.     

基于可公度方法的云南地区地震趋势研究

在对云南地区地震活动历史数据统计基础上,应用三元、四元、五元可公度法,蝴蝶结构图分别预测云南地区未来数年地震趋势,理论计算结果表明:该研究区域2017年前后强震信号比较强烈,有可能发生较大震级的地震,空间趋势位于东经101.5°以东。该研究可为今后云南地区地震趋势研究提供参考。     

新消防法强化应急救援的立法思考

新<消防法>关于应急救援的规定引起了社会各界的普遍关注,本文从立法学角度,从应急救援的立法史,立法背景及立法内容等方面对公安机关消防机构的应急救援职能进行研究,以期准确理解新消防法的立法本意,为有效实施应急救援工作提供理论支持.     

Sulfur mediated heavy metal biogeochemical cycles in coastal wetlands: From sediments,rhizosphere to vegetation

• In sediments, the transformation of sulfides may lead to the release of heavy metals. • In the rhizosphere, sulfur regulates the uptake of heavy metals by plants. • In plants, sulfur mediates a series of heavy metal tolerance mechanisms. • Explore interactions between sulfur and heavy metals on different scales is needed. The interactions and mechanisms between sulfur and heavy metals are a growing focus of biogeochemical studies in coastal wetlands. These issues underline the fate of heavy metals bound in sediments or released into the system through sediments. Despite the fact that numerous published studies have suggested sulfur has a significant impact on the bioavailability of heavy metals accumulated in coastal wetlands, to date, no review article has systematically summarized those studies, particularly from the perspective of the three major components of wetland ecosystems (sediments, rhizosphere, and vegetation). The present review summarizes the studies published in the past four decades and highlights the major achievements in this field. Research and studies available thus far indicate that under anaerobic conditions, most of the potentially bioavailable heavy metals in coastal wetland sediments are fixed as precipitates, such as metal sulfides. However, fluctuations in physicochemical conditions may affect sulfur cycling, and hence, directly or indirectly lead to the conversion and migration of heavy metals. In the rhizosphere, root activities and microbes together affect the speciation and transformation of sulfur which in turn mediate the migration of heavy metals. As for plant tissues, tolerance to heavy metals is enhanced by sulfur-containing compounds via promoting a series of chelation and detoxification processes. Finally, to further understand the interactions between sulfur and heavy metals in coastal wetlands, some major future research directions are proposed.     

Effect of Brown-Rotted Spruce as Lignin-Enriched Filler on the Properties of Reinforced Polyurethane Foam

Journal of Polymers and the Environment - The study investigated the effect of lignocellulosic biomass filler decayed by brown-rot fungi on the preparation and properties of polyurethane (PU) foam....     

川西北高寒草甸两种蚯蚓的互作及其对土壤养分的影响

以川西北高寒草甸中普遍存在的两种蚯蚓(微小双胸蚓Bimastus parvus和威廉腔蚓Metaphire guillemi)为研究对象,采用野外微宇宙实验方法比较单独接种和混合接种时两种蚯蚓的数量、分布和繁殖状况,以及牛粪分解率和土壤养分含量的变化,探讨不同蚯蚓种群间的相互作用及其对土壤养分的影响.结果发现:1)两种蚯蚓混合接种加快了牛粪分解,增加了下层(10~20 cm)土壤可溶性氮含量,但对牛粪分解速率和土壤可溶性氮含量均不存在交互作用;2)在混合接种处理中,微小双胸蚓的死亡比率显著高于威廉腔蚓的死亡比率;3)两种蚯蚓混合接种处理时,威廉腔蚓的繁殖明显受到抑制,而微小双胸蚓的幼蚓数量有所增加.研究表明,威廉腔蚓和微小双胸蚓共存能够发生竞争性相互作用,加快地面上的牛粪分解,增加土壤可溶性氮含量,从而可能提高高寒草甸的初级生产力.     

海洋塑料垃圾的环境行为与生态效应研究进展

海洋塑料污染是一个全球性问题.塑料垃圾作为海洋塑料污染物之一,对其研究和认识还不全面.本文在总结国内外相关研究基础上,综述了海洋塑料垃圾的来源与分布、降解、添加剂浸出、附着海洋生物和吸附污染物等环境行为,以及其生物效应(缠绕海洋动物和被海洋动物摄食).根据海洋塑料垃圾的研究现状,未来应加强测定方法、塑料浸出物的毒性效应、潜在污染物、生态效应评价方法和污染防治政策等方面的研究.